Central Auditory System Disorders

Sensorineural hearing loss 

an inner ear hearing loss usually due to damage to the organ of Corti’s hair cells

Auditory processing disorder

 difficulty processing and interpreting auditory language symbols; a dyslexia of the ears

Pure word deafness

Auditory verbal agnosia; people can comprehend nonspeech sounds, but do not comprehend speech.

Aphasia 

Acquired multimodality language loss that can affect verbal formulation, auditory comprehension, reading, and writing.